Styptirenal
Brand names,
Styptirenal
Analogs
Styptirenal
Brand Names Mixture
Styptirenal
Chemical_Formula
C9H13NO3
Styptirenal
RX_link
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/epi.htm
Styptirenal
fda sheet
Styptirenal
msds (material safety sheet)
Styptirenal
Synthesis Reference
Stolz, Ber. 37, 4149; Payne, Ind. Chem. 37, 523
Styptirenal
Molecular Weight
183.204 g/mol
Styptirenal
Melting Point
211.5 oC
Styptirenal
H2O Solubility
180 mg/L
Styptirenal
State
Solid
Styptirenal
LogP
0.256
Styptirenal
Dosage Forms
Cord; Drops; Liquid; Metered-dose (aerosol); Pad; Pellet; Pellet (dental); Solution; Spray
Styptirenal
Indication
For the treatment of anaphylactic reactions
Styptirenal
Pharmacology
Epinephrine is indicated for intravenous injection in treatment of acute hypersensitivity, treatment of acute asthmatic attacks to relieve bronchospasm, and treatment and prophylaxis of cardiac arrest and attacks of transitory atrioventricular heart block with syncopal seizures (Stokes-Adams Syndrome). The actions of epinephrine resemble the effects of stimulation of adrenergic nerves. To a variable degree it acts on both alpha and beta receptor sites of sympathetic effector cells. Its most prominent actions are on the beta receptors of the heart, vascular and other smooth muscle. When given by rapid intravenous injection, it produces a rapid rise in blood pressure, mainly systolic, by (1) direct stimulation of cardiac muscle which increases the strength of ventricular contraction, (2) increasing the heart rate and (3) constriction of the arterioles in the skin, mucosa and splanchnic areas of the circulation. When given by slow intravenous injection, epinephrine usually produces only a moderate rise in systolic and a fall in diastolic pressure. Although some increase in pulse pressure occurs, there is usually no great elevation in mean blood pressure. Accordingly, the compensatory reflex mechanisms that come into play with a pronounced increase in blood pressure do not antagonize the direct cardiac actions of epinephrine as much as with catecholamines that have a predominant action on alpha receptors.
Styptirenal
Absorption
Usually this vasodilator effect of the drug on the circulation predominates so that the modest rise in systolic pressure which follows slow injection or absorption is mainly the result of direct cardiac stimulation and increase in cardiac output.
Styptirenal
side effects and Toxicity
Skin, LD50 = 62 mg/kg (rat)
Styptirenal
Patient Information
No information avaliable
Styptirenal
Organisms Affected
Humans and other mammals