Levonorepinephrine
Brand names,
Levonorepinephrine
Analogs
Levonorepinephrine
Brand Names Mixture
Levonorepinephrine
Chemical_Formula
C9H13NO3
Levonorepinephrine
RX_link
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/epi.htm
Levonorepinephrine
fda sheet
Levonorepinephrine
msds (material safety sheet)
Levonorepinephrine
Synthesis Reference
Stolz, Ber. 37, 4149; Payne, Ind. Chem. 37, 523
Levonorepinephrine
Molecular Weight
183.204 g/mol
Levonorepinephrine
Melting Point
211.5 oC
Levonorepinephrine
H2O Solubility
180 mg/L
Levonorepinephrine
State
Solid
Levonorepinephrine
LogP
0.256
Levonorepinephrine
Dosage Forms
Cord; Drops; Liquid; Metered-dose (aerosol); Pad; Pellet; Pellet (dental); Solution; Spray
Levonorepinephrine
Indication
For the treatment of anaphylactic reactions
Levonorepinephrine
Pharmacology
Epinephrine is indicated for intravenous injection in treatment of acute hypersensitivity, treatment of acute asthmatic attacks to relieve bronchospasm, and treatment and prophylaxis of cardiac arrest and attacks of transitory atrioventricular heart block with syncopal seizures (Stokes-Adams Syndrome). The actions of epinephrine resemble the effects of stimulation of adrenergic nerves. To a variable degree it acts on both alpha and beta receptor sites of sympathetic effector cells. Its most prominent actions are on the beta receptors of the heart, vascular and other smooth muscle. When given by rapid intravenous injection, it produces a rapid rise in blood pressure, mainly systolic, by (1) direct stimulation of cardiac muscle which increases the strength of ventricular contraction, (2) increasing the heart rate and (3) constriction of the arterioles in the skin, mucosa and splanchnic areas of the circulation. When given by slow intravenous injection, epinephrine usually produces only a moderate rise in systolic and a fall in diastolic pressure. Although some increase in pulse pressure occurs, there is usually no great elevation in mean blood pressure. Accordingly, the compensatory reflex mechanisms that come into play with a pronounced increase in blood pressure do not antagonize the direct cardiac actions of epinephrine as much as with catecholamines that have a predominant action on alpha receptors.
Levonorepinephrine
Absorption
Usually this vasodilator effect of the drug on the circulation predominates so that the modest rise in systolic pressure which follows slow injection or absorption is mainly the result of direct cardiac stimulation and increase in cardiac output.
Levonorepinephrine
side effects and Toxicity
Skin, LD50 = 62 mg/kg (rat)
Levonorepinephrine
Patient Information
No information avaliable
Levonorepinephrine
Organisms Affected
Humans and other mammals