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Brand names,
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Analogs
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Brand Names Mixture
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Chemical_Formula
C12H15ClO3
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RX_link
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/clofibrate.htm
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fda sheet
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msds (material safety sheet)
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Synthesis Reference
No information avaliable
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Molecular Weight
242.698 g/mol
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Melting Point
< 25 oC (boiling point 148-150°C at 25 mm Hg)
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H2O Solubility
Insoluble
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State
Liquid
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LogP
3.58
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Dosage Forms
Capsules (orange, oblong, soft-gelatin capsules, each containing 500 mg clofibrate)
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Indication
For Primary Dysbetalipoproteinemia (Type III hyperlipidemia) that does not respond adequately to diet.
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Pharmacology
Clofibrate is an antilipidemic agent similar to gemfibrozil. It acts to lower elevated serum lipids by reducing the very low-density lipoprotein fraction (Sf 20-400) rich in triglycerides. Serum cholesterol may be decreased, particularly in those patients whose cholesterol elevation is due to the presence of IDL as a result of Type III hyperlipoproteinemia. Several investigators have observed in their studies that clofibrate may produce a decrease in cholesterol linoleate but an increase in palmitoleate and oleate, the latter being considered atherogenic in experimental animals. The significance of this finding is unknown at this time. Reduction of triglycerides in some patients treated with clofibrate or certain of its chemically and clinically similar analogs may be associated with an increase in LDL cholesterol. Increase in LDL cholesterol has been observed in patients whose cholesterol is initially normal. Animal studies suggest that clofibrate interrupts cholesterol biosynthesis prior to mevalonate formation.
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Absorption
Completely but slowly absorbed from the intestine. Between 95% and 99% of an oral dose of clofibrate is excreted in the urine as free and conjugated clofibric acid; thus, the absorption of clofibrate is virtually complete.
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side effects and Toxicity
Oral, mouse: LD50 = 1220 mg/kg; Oral, rabbit: LD50 = 1370 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 940 mg/kg. No reported case of overdosage in humans.
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Patient Information
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Organisms Affected
Humans and other mammals