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HMD Brand names, HMD Analogs

HMD Brand Names Mixture

  • Atamet (carbidopa + levodopa)
  • Sinemet (carbidopa + levodopa)

HMD Chemical_Formula

C10H14N2O4

HMD RX_link

http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/sinemet.htm

HMD fda sheet

HMD msds (material safety sheet)

HMD Synthesis Reference

Chemerda et al., U.S. Pat. 3,462,536 (1963)

HMD Molecular Weight

226.229 g/mol

HMD Melting Point

203-205oC

HMD H2O Solubility

3.8 mg/L

HMD State

Solid

HMD LogP

0.494

HMD Dosage Forms

Tablet (25 mg)

HMD Indication

For treatment of the symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (paralysis agitans), post-encephalitic parkinsonism

HMD Pharmacology

Carbidopa, a noncompetitive decarboxylase inhibitor, is used in combination with levodopa for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

HMD Absorption

Rapidly decarboxylated to dopamine in extracerebral tissues so that only a small portion of a given dose is transported unchanged to the central nervous system.

HMD side effects and Toxicity

Symptoms of a carbidopa toxicity include muscle spasms or weakness, spasms of the eyelid, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, an irregular heartbeat, confusion, agitation, hallucinations, and unconsciousness.

HMD Patient Information

Carbidopa is used with levodopa to treat Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease
is believed to be related to low levels of a chemical called dopamine (DOE pa meen)
in the brain. Levodopa (Dopar, Larodopa) is turned into dopamine in the body.
Carbidopa is used with levodopa to prevent the breakdown (metabolism) of levodopa
before it can reach the brain and take effect. Carbidopa is only effective if it is
taken with levodopa. It has no effect if it is used alone. Carbidopa is used with
levodopa to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of
Parkinson's disease. These medications are also used to treat the same muscular
conditions when they are caused by drugs such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine),
fluphenazine (Prolixin), perphenazine (Trilafon), and others.

HMD Organisms Affected

Humans and other mammals