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Brand names,
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Analogs
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Brand Names Mixture
- Rifater (Isoniazid + Pyrazinaamide + Rifampin)
- Rifamate (Rifampin + Isoniazid)
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Chemical_Formula
C43H58N4O12
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RX_link
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/rifampin.htm
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fda sheet
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msds (material safety sheet)
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Synthesis Reference
No information avaliable
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Molecular Weight
822.94 g/mol
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Melting Point
183 oC
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H2O Solubility
1.4 mg/mL
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State
Solid
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LogP
3.719
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Dosage Forms
Capsule
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Indication
For the treatment of Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis-related mycobacterial infections.
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Pharmacology
Rifampin is an antibiotic that inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity in susceptible cells. Specifically, it interacts with bacterial RNA polymerase but does not inhibit the mammalian enzyme. It is bactericidal and has a very broad spectrum of activity against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms (including Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and specifically Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Because of rapid emergence of resistant bacteria, use is restricted to treatment of mycobacterial infections and a few other indications. Rifampin is well absorbed when taken orally and is distributed widely in body tissues and fluids, including the CSF. It is metabolized in the liver and eliminated in bile and, to a much lesser extent, in urine, but dose adjustments are unnecessary with renal insufficiency.
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Absorption
Well absorbed from gastrointestinal tract.
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side effects and Toxicity
LD50=1570 mg/kg (rat), chronic exposure may cause nausea and vomiting and unconsciousness
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Patient Information
The patient should be told that rifampin may produce a reddish coloration of the urine, sweat, sputum, and tears,
and the patient should be forewarned of this. Soft contact lenses may be permanently stained. The patients should be
advised that the reliability of oral or other systemic hormonal contraceptives may be affected; consideration should
be given to using alternative contraceptive measures. Patients should be instructed to take rifampin either 1 hour
before or 2 hours after a meal with a full glass of water. Patients should be instructed to notify their physicians
promptly if they experience any of the following: fever, loss of appetite, malaise, nausea and vomiting, darkened
urine, yellowish discoloration of the skin and eyes, and pain or swelling of the joints. Compliance with the full
course of therapy must be emphasized, and the importance of not missing any doses must be stressed.
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Organisms Affected
Mycobacteria and a variety of other gram negative and gram postivie bacteria