Dura Al
Brand names,
Dura Al
Analogs
Dura Al
Brand Names Mixture
Dura Al
Chemical_Formula
C5H4N4O
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RX_link
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/allopur.htm
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fda sheet
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msds (material safety sheet)
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Synthesis Reference
Robins, J. Am. Chem. So. 78, 784 (1956)
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Molecular Weight
136.112 g/mol
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Melting Point
350 oC
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H2O Solubility
569 mg/L
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State
Solid
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LogP
-0.177
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Dosage Forms
Tablet for oral administration (100mg, 200mg and 300mg); Injection
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Indication
For the treatment of hyperuricemia associated with primary or secondary gout.
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Pharmacology
Allopurinol, a structural analog of the natural purine base hypoxanthine, is used to prevent gout and renal calculi due to either uric acid or calcium oxalate and to treat uric acid nephropathy, hyperuricemia, and some solid tumors.
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Absorption
Approximately 90% absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
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side effects and Toxicity
LD50=214 mg/kg (in mice)
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Patient Information
Patients should be informed of the following:
- 1. They should be cautioned to discontinue allopurinol and to consult their physician immediately at the
first sign of a skin rash, painful urination, blood in the urine, irritation of the eyes, or swelling of the lips
or mouth.
- 2. They should be reminded to continue drug therapy prescribed for gouty attacks since optimal benefit
of allopurinol may be delayed for two to six weeks.
- 3. They should be encouraged to increase fluid intake during therapy to prevent renal stones.
- 4. If a single dose of allopurinol is occasionally forgotten, there is no need to double the dose at the
next scheduled time.
- 5. There may be certain risks associated with the concomitant use of allopurinol and dicumarol,
sulfinpyrazone, mercaptopurine, azathioprine, ampicillin, amoxicillin and thiazide diuretics, and they should
follow the instructions of their physician.
- 6. Due to the occasional occurrence of drowsiness, patients should take precautions when engaging in
activities where alertness is mandatory.
- 7. Patients may wish to take allopurinol after meals to minimize gastric irritation.
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Organisms Affected
Humans and other mammals