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Brand names,
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Analogs
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Brand Names Mixture
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Chemical_Formula
C4H11N5
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RX_link
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic4/glumetza.htm
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fda sheet
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msds (material safety sheet)
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Synthesis Reference
No information avaliable
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Molecular Weight
129.164 g/mol
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Melting Point
223-226 oC
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H2O Solubility
Freely soluble as HCl salt
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State
Solid
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LogP
-0.267
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Dosage Forms
Extended release tablet (500 mg or 1000 mg)
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Indication
For use as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adult patients (18 years and older) with type 2 diabetes.
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Pharmacology
Metformin is an antihyperglycemic agent, which improves glucose tolerance in patients with type 2 diabetes, lowering both basal and postprandial plasma glucose. Metformin is not chemically or pharmacologically related to any other classes of oral antihyperglycemic agents. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin does not produce hypoglycemia in either patients with type 2 diabetes or normal subjects and does not cause hyperinsulinemia. With metformin therapy, insulin secretion remains unchanged while fasting insulin levels and daylong plasma insulin response may actually decrease.
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Absorption
Absorbed over 6 hours, bioavailability is 50 to 60% under fasting conditions. Food delays absorption.
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side effects and Toxicity
Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 350 mg/kg [Rabbit]. It would be expected that adverse reactions of a more intense character including epigastric discomfort, nausea, and vomiting followed by diarrhea, drowsiness, weakness, dizziness, malaise and headache might be seen.
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Patient Information
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Organisms Affected
Humans and other mammals