Tioguanine
Tioguanine Brand names, Tioguanine Analogs
Tioguanine Brand Names Mixture
- No information avaliable
Tioguanine Chemical_Formula
C5H5N5S
Tioguanine RX_link
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/thioguanine.htm
Tioguanine fda sheet
Tioguanine msds (material safety sheet)
Tioguanine Synthesis Reference
Elion et al.; J.Amer.Chem.Soc.; 81;1898,1901 (1959)
Tioguanine Molecular Weight
167.193 g/mol
Tioguanine Melting Point
>360 oC
Tioguanine H2O Solubility
36.3 mg/mL
Tioguanine State
Solid
Tioguanine LogP
0.086
Tioguanine Dosage Forms
Oral tablets
Tioguanine Indication
For remission induction and remission consolidation treatment of acute nonlymphocytic leukemias.
Tioguanine Pharmacology
Thioguanine is an antineoplastic anti-metabolite used in the treatment of several forms of leukemia including acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Anti-metabolites masquerade as purine or pyrimidine - which become the building blocks of DNA. They prevent these substances becoming incorporated in to DNA during the "S" phase (of the cell cycle), stopping normal development and division. Thioguanine was first synthesized and entered into clinical trial more than 30 years ago. It is a 6-thiopurine analogue of the naturally occurring purine bases hypoxanthine and guanine. Intracellular activation results in incorporation into DNA as a false purine base. An additional cytotoxic effect is related to its incorporation into RNA. Thioguanine is cross-resistant with mercaptopurine. Cytotoxicity is cell cycle phase-specific (S-phase).
Tioguanine Absorption
Absorption of an oral dose is incomplete and variable, averaging approximately 30% of the administered dose (range: 14% to 46%)
Tioguanine side effects and Toxicity
Oral, mouse: LD50 = 160 mg/kg. Symptoms of overdose include nausea, vomiting, malaise, hypotension, and diaphoresis.
Tioguanine Patient Information
PATIENT INFORMATION
Patients should be informed that the major toxicities of thioguanine are related to
myelosuppression, hepatotoxicity, and gastrointestinal toxicity. Patients should never
be allowed to take the drug without medical supervision and should be advised to consult
their physician if they experience fever, sore throat, jaundice, nausea, vomiting, signs
of local infection, bleeding from any site, or symptoms suggestive of anemia. Women of
childbearing potential should be advised to avoid becoming pregnant.
Patients should be informed that the major toxicities of thioguanine are related to
myelosuppression, hepatotoxicity, and gastrointestinal toxicity. Patients should never
be allowed to take the drug without medical supervision and should be advised to consult
their physician if they experience fever, sore throat, jaundice, nausea, vomiting, signs
of local infection, bleeding from any site, or symptoms suggestive of anemia. Women of
childbearing potential should be advised to avoid becoming pregnant.
Tioguanine Organisms Affected
Humans and other mammals
