ThG
ThG Brand names, ThG Analogs
ThG Brand Names Mixture
- No information avaliable
ThG Chemical_Formula
C5H5N5S
ThG RX_link
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/thioguanine.htm
ThG fda sheet
ThG msds (material safety sheet)
ThG Synthesis Reference
Elion et al.; J.Amer.Chem.Soc.; 81;1898,1901 (1959)
ThG Molecular Weight
167.193 g/mol
ThG Melting Point
>360 oC
ThG H2O Solubility
36.3 mg/mL
ThG State
Solid
ThG LogP
0.086
ThG Dosage Forms
Oral tablets
ThG Indication
For remission induction and remission consolidation treatment of acute nonlymphocytic leukemias.
ThG Pharmacology
Thioguanine is an antineoplastic anti-metabolite used in the treatment of several forms of leukemia including acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Anti-metabolites masquerade as purine or pyrimidine - which become the building blocks of DNA. They prevent these substances becoming incorporated in to DNA during the "S" phase (of the cell cycle), stopping normal development and division. Thioguanine was first synthesized and entered into clinical trial more than 30 years ago. It is a 6-thiopurine analogue of the naturally occurring purine bases hypoxanthine and guanine. Intracellular activation results in incorporation into DNA as a false purine base. An additional cytotoxic effect is related to its incorporation into RNA. Thioguanine is cross-resistant with mercaptopurine. Cytotoxicity is cell cycle phase-specific (S-phase).
ThG Absorption
Absorption of an oral dose is incomplete and variable, averaging approximately 30% of the administered dose (range: 14% to 46%)
ThG side effects and Toxicity
Oral, mouse: LD50 = 160 mg/kg. Symptoms of overdose include nausea, vomiting, malaise, hypotension, and diaphoresis.
ThG Patient Information
PATIENT INFORMATION
Patients should be informed that the major toxicities of thioguanine are related to
myelosuppression, hepatotoxicity, and gastrointestinal toxicity. Patients should never
be allowed to take the drug without medical supervision and should be advised to consult
their physician if they experience fever, sore throat, jaundice, nausea, vomiting, signs
of local infection, bleeding from any site, or symptoms suggestive of anemia. Women of
childbearing potential should be advised to avoid becoming pregnant.
Patients should be informed that the major toxicities of thioguanine are related to
myelosuppression, hepatotoxicity, and gastrointestinal toxicity. Patients should never
be allowed to take the drug without medical supervision and should be advised to consult
their physician if they experience fever, sore throat, jaundice, nausea, vomiting, signs
of local infection, bleeding from any site, or symptoms suggestive of anemia. Women of
childbearing potential should be advised to avoid becoming pregnant.
ThG Organisms Affected
Humans and other mammals
