Valmiran
Valmiran Brand names, Valmiran Analogs
Valmiran Brand Names Mixture
- Zylet (0.5% loteprednol etabonate + 0.3% tobramycin)
Valmiran Chemical_Formula
C14H16ClN3O4S2
Valmiran RX_link
No information avaliable
Valmiran fda sheet
Valmiran msds (material safety sheet)
Valmiran Synthesis Reference
No information avaliable
Valmiran Molecular Weight
389.879 g/mol
Valmiran Melting Point
227-228oC
Valmiran H2O Solubility
No information avaliable
Valmiran State
Solid
Valmiran LogP
1.048
Valmiran Dosage Forms
Tablets (oral, 5mg)
Valmiran Indication
Cyclothiazide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in edema associated with congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, and corticosteroid and estrogen therapy. It is also indicated in the management of hypertension either as the sole therapeutic agent or to enhance the effectiveness of other antihypertensive drugs in the more severe forms of hypertension.
Valmiran Pharmacology
Like other thiazides, cyclothiazide promotes water loss from the body (diuretics). It inhibits Na+/Cl- reabsorption from the distal convoluted tubules in the kidneys. Thiazides also cause loss of potassium and an increase in serum uric acid. Thiazides are often used to treat hypertension, but their hypotensive effects are not necessarily due to their diuretic activity. Thiazides have been shown to prevent hypertension-related morbidity and mortality although the mechanism is not fully understood. Thiazides cause vasodilation by activating calcium-activated potassium channels (large conductance) in vascular smooth muscles and inhibiting various carbonic anhydrases in vascular tissue. Cyclothiazide affects the distal renal tubular mechanism of electrolyte reabsorption. At maximal therapeutic dosages, all thiazides are approximately equal in their diuretic efficacy. Cyclothiazide increases excretion of sodium and chloride in approximately equivalent amounts. Natriuresis may be accompanied by some loss of potassium and bicarbonate.
Valmiran Absorption
No information avaliable
Valmiran side effects and Toxicity
Oral LD50 in mouse is > 10000 mg/kg, and > 4000 mg/kg in rat. Signs of overdose include those caused by electrolyte depletion (hypokalemia, hypochloremia, hyponatremia) and dehydration resulting from excessive diuresis. If digitalis has also been administered hypokalemia may accentuate cardiac arrhythmias.
Valmiran Patient Information
Valmiran Organisms Affected
Humans and other mammals
