Azatioprin
Azatioprin Brand names, Azatioprin Analogs
Azatioprin Brand Names Mixture
- No information avaliable
Azatioprin Chemical_Formula
C9H7N7O2S
Azatioprin RX_link
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/azathioprine.htm
Azatioprin fda sheet
Azatioprin msds (material safety sheet)
Azatioprin Synthesis Reference
No information avaliable
Azatioprin Molecular Weight
277.264 g/mol
Azatioprin Melting Point
243.5 oC
Azatioprin H2O Solubility
272 mg/L
Azatioprin State
Solid
Azatioprin LogP
1.001
Azatioprin Dosage Forms
Powder for solution and tablets for oral administration (25 mg, 75 mg and 100 mg)
Azatioprin Indication
For use as an adjunct in the prevention of rejection in renal homotransplantation. Also for the management of severe, active rheumatoid arthritis unresponsive to rest, aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or to agents in the class of which gold is an example.
Azatioprin Pharmacology
Azathioprine is a chemotherapy drug, now rarely used for chemotherapy but more for immunosuppression in organ transplantation and autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis or inflammatory bowel disease or Crohn's disease. It is a pro-drug, converted in the body to the active metabolite 6-mercaptopurine. Azathioprine acts to inhibit purine synthesis necessary for the proliferation of cells, especially leukocytes and lymphocytes. It is a safe and effective drug used alone in certain autoimmune diseases, or in combination with other immunosuppressants in organ transplantation. Its most severe side effect is bone marrow suppression, and it should not be given in conjunction with purine analogues such as allopurinol. The enzyme thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) deactivates 6-mercaptopurine. Genetic polymorphisms of TPMT can lead to excessive drug toxicity, thus assay of serum TPMT may be useful to prevent this complication.
Azatioprin Absorption
Well absorbed following oral administration.
Azatioprin side effects and Toxicity
The oral LD50 for single doses of azathioprine in mice and rats are 2500 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, respectively. Very large doses of this antimetabolite may lead to marrow hypoplasia, bleeding, infection, and death.
Azatioprin Patient Information
Azatioprin Organisms Affected
Humans and other mammals
