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Brand names,
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Analogs
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Brand Names Mixture
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Chemical_Formula
C9H15NO3S
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RX_link
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/captop.htm
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fda sheet
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msds (material safety sheet)
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Synthesis Reference
D. W. Cushman, U.S. Pat. 4,046,889 (1977)
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Molecular Weight
217.286 g/mol
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Melting Point
106oC
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H2O Solubility
Freely soluble
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State
Solid
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LogP
0.546
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Dosage Forms
Tablet (12.5 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg, or 100 mg)
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Indication
For the treatment of hypertension. It may be used alone or in combination with thiazide diuretics.
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Pharmacology
Captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, is used to treat hypertension, congestive heart failure, and renal syndromes such as diabetic nephropathy and scleroderma. The adverse effect and pharmacokinetic limitations of captopril stimulated the development enalapril and subsequent ACE inhibitors.
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Absorption
75% without food (the presence of food in the gastrointestinal tract reduces absorption by about 30 to 40 percent).
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side effects and Toxicity
Symptoms of overdose include coma, lethargy, low blood pressure, sluggishness, and stomach and intestinal irritation and hyperactivity.
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Patient Information
Patients should be advised to immediately report to their physician any signs or symptoms suggesting angioedema
(e.g., swelling of face, eyes, lips, tongue, larynx and extremities; difficulty in swallowing or breathing;
hoarseness) and to discontinue therapy.
Patients should be told to report promptly any indication of infection (e.g., sore throat, fever),which may be a
sign of neutropenia, or of progressive edema which might be related to proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome.
All patients should be cautioned that excessive perspiration and dehydration may lead to an excessive fall in
blood pressure because of reduction in fluid volume. Other causes of volume depletion such as vomiting or diarrhea
may also lead to a fall in blood pressure; patients should be advised to consult with the physician.
Patients should be advised not to use potassium-sparing diuret-ics, potassium supplements or potassium-containing
salt substitutes without consulting their physician.
Patients should be warned against interruption or discontinuation of medication unless instructed by the
physician.
Heart failure patients on captopril therapy should be cautioned against rapid increases in physical activity.
Patients should be informed that captopril should be taken one hour before meals.
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Organisms Affected
Humans and other mammals