Timoptic-XE
Brand names,
Timoptic-XE
Analogs
Timoptic-XE
Brand Names Mixture
- Combigan (Brimonidine Tartrate + Timolol Maleate)
- Cosopt -(2%/0.5% Oph Dps) (Dorzolamide Hydrochloride + Timolol Maleate)
- Timolide Tab (Hydrochlorothiazide + Timolol Maleate)
- Timpilo 2 (Pilocarpine Hydrochloride + Timolol Maleate)
- Timpilo 4 (Pilocarpine Hydrochloride + Timolol Maleate)
- Xalacom (Latanoprost + Timolol Maleate)
Timoptic-XE
Chemical_Formula
C13H24N4O3S
Timoptic-XE
RX_link
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/timololgfs.htm
Timoptic-XE
fda sheet
Timoptic-XE
msds (material safety sheet)
Timoptic-XE
Synthesis Reference
Wasson et al., J. Med. Chem. 15, 615 (1972)
Timoptic-XE
Molecular Weight
316.421 g/mol
Timoptic-XE
Melting Point
201.5-202.5 oC
Timoptic-XE
H2O Solubility
2.74 mg/mL
Timoptic-XE
State
Solid
Timoptic-XE
LogP
1.761
Timoptic-XE
Dosage Forms
Drops; Liquid; Solution; Solution (long-acting); Tablet
Timoptic-XE
Indication
In its oral form it is used to treat high blood pressure and prevent heart attacks, and occasionally to prevent migraine headaches. In its opthalmic form it is used to treat open-angle and occasionally secondary glaucoma.
Timoptic-XE
Pharmacology
Similar to propranolol and nadolol, timolol is a non-selective, beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist. Timolol does not have significant intrinsic sympathomimetic, direct myocardial depressant, or local anesthetic (membrane-stabilizing) activity, but does possess a relatively high degree of lipid solubility. Timolol, when applied topically to the eye, has the action of reducing elevated, as well as normal, intraocular pressure, whether or not accompanied by glaucoma. Elevated intraocular pressure is a major risk factor in the pathogenesis of glaucomatous visual field loss and optic nerve damage.
Timoptic-XE
Absorption
Bioavailability is about 60%
Timoptic-XE
side effects and Toxicity
LD50=1190 mg/kg (oral, mice), LD50=900 mg/kg (oral, rat). Symptoms of overdose include drowsiness, vertigo, headache, and atriventricular block.
Timoptic-XE
Patient Information
Patients should be instructed to avoid allowing the tip of the dispensing container to contact the eye
or surrounding structures. Patients should also be instructed that ocular solutions, if handled improperly, could
become contaminated by common bacteria known to cause ocular infections. Serious damage to the eye and subsequent
loss of vision may result from using contaminated solutions.
Patients should also be advised that if they have ocular surgery or develop an intercurrent ocular
condition (e.g.,trauma or infection), they should immediately seek their physicianís advice concerning the
continued use of the present multidose container. Patients should be instructed to invert the closed container and
shake once before each use. It is not necessary to shake the container more than once. Patients requiring concomitant
topical ophthalmic medications should be instructed to administer these at least 10 minutes before instilling Timolol
GFS. Patients with bronchial asthma, a history of bronchial asthma, severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,
sinus bradycardia, second or third degree atrioventricular block, or cardiac failure should be advised not to take
this product. Transient blurred vision or visual disturbance, generally lasting from 30 seconds to 5 minutes,
following instillation may impair the ability to perform hazardous tasks such as operating machinery or driving a
motor vehicle.
Timoptic-XE
Organisms Affected
Humans and other mammals