Methotrexate for Injection

Methotrexate for Injection Brand names, Methotrexate for Injection Analogs

Methotrexate for Injection Brand Names Mixture

No information avaliable

Methotrexate for Injection Chemical_Formula

C₂₀H₂₂N₈O₅

Methotrexate for Injection RX_link

http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/mtx.htm

Methotrexate for Injection fda sheet

Methotrexate_for_Injection FDA

Methotrexate for Injection msds (material safety sheet)

Methotrexate_for_Injection MSDS

Methotrexate for Injection Synthesis Reference

Seeger et al.; J.Amer.Chem.Soc.; 71; 1753,1757(1949)

Methotrexate for Injection Molecular Weight

454.44 g/mol

Methotrexate for Injection Melting Point

195 ^oC

Methotrexate for Injection H₂O Solubility

2600 mg/L

Methotrexate for Injection State

Solid

Methotrexate for Injection LogP

-1.08

Methotrexate for Injection Dosage Forms

Liquid; Powder for solution; Solution; Tablet (oral, in 5 mg, 7.5 mg, or 10 mg)

Methotrexate for Injection Indication

For the treatment of gestational choriocarcinoma, chorioadenoma destruens and hydatidiform mole. Also for the treatment of severe psoriasis and severe, active, classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis.

Methotrexate for Injection Pharmacology

Methotrexate is an antineoplastic anti-metabolite. Anti-metabolites masquerade as purine or pyrimidine - which become the building blocks of DNA. They prevent these substances becoming incorporated in to DNA during the "S" phase (of the cell cycle), stopping normal development and division. Methotrexate inhibits folic acid reductase which is responsible for the conversion of folic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid. At two stages in the biosynthesis of purines and at one stage in the synthesis of pyrimidines, one-carbon transfer reactions occur which require specific coenzymes synthesized in the cell from tetrahydrofolic acid. Tetrahydrofolic acid itself is synthesized in the cell from folic acid with the help of an enzyme, folic acid reductase. Methotrexate looks a lot like folic acid to the enzyme, so it binds to it quite strongly and inhibits the enzyme. Thus, DNA synthesis cannot proceed because the coenzymes needed for one-carbon transfer reactions are not produced from tetrahydrofolic acid because there is no tetrahydrofolic acid. Methotrexate selectively affects the most rapidly dividing cells (neoplastic and psoriatic cells). Methotrexate is also indicated in the management of severe, active, classical, or definite rheumatoid arthritis.

Methotrexate for Injection Absorption

Generally well absorbed with a mean bioavailability of about 60%.

Methotrexate for Injection side effects and Toxicity

Symptoms of overdose include bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal toxicity. LD₅₀=43mg/kg(orally in rat).

Methotrexate for Injection Patient Information

Patients should be informed of the early signs and symptoms of toxicity, of the need to see their physician promptly if they occur, and the need for close follow-up, including periodic laboratory tests to monitor toxicity.

Both the physician and pharmacist should emphasize to the patient that the recommended dose is taken weekly in rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis, and that mistaken daily use of the recommended dose has led to fatal toxicity. Patients should be encouraged to read the Patient Instructions sheet within the Dose Pack. Prescriptions should not be written or refilled on a PRN basis.

Patients should be informed of the potential benefit and risk in the use of methotrexate. The risk of effects on reproduction should be discussed with both male and female patients taking methotrexate.

Methotrexate for Injection Organisms Affected

Humans and other mammals