Levocarnitine
Levocarnitine Brand names, Levocarnitine Analogs
Levocarnitine Brand Names Mixture
- No information avaliable
Levocarnitine Chemical_Formula
C7H15NO3
Levocarnitine RX_link
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/carnitor.htm
Levocarnitine fda sheet
Levocarnitine msds (material safety sheet)
Levocarnitine Synthesis Reference
No information avaliable
Levocarnitine Molecular Weight
161.199 g/mol
Levocarnitine Melting Point
196-197 oC
Levocarnitine H2O Solubility
2500 mg/mL
Levocarnitine State
Solid
Levocarnitine LogP
No information avaliable
Levocarnitine Dosage Forms
Liquid; Solution; Tablet
Levocarnitine Indication
For treatment of primary systemic carnitine deficiency, a genetic impairment of normal biosynthesis or utilization of levocarnitine from dietary sources, or for the treatment of secondary carnitine deficiency resulting from an inborn error of metabolism such as glutaric aciduria II, methyl malonic aciduria, propionic acidemia, and medium chain fatty acylCoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Used therapeutically to stimulate gastric and pancreatic secretions and in the treatment of hyperlipoproteinemias. Parenteral levocarnitine is indicated for the prevention and treatment of carnitine deficiency in patients with end-stage renal disease.
Levocarnitine Pharmacology
Levocarnitine is a carrier molecule in the transport of long chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane. It also exports acyl groups from subcellular organelles and from cells to urine before they accumulate to toxic concentrations. Lack of carnitine can lead to liver, heart, and muscle problems. Carnitine deficiency is defined biochemically as abnormally low plasma concentrations of free carnitine, less than 20 µmol/L at one week post term and may be associated with low tissue and/or urine concentrations. Further, this condition may be associated with a plasma concentration ratio of acylcarnitine/levocarnitine greater than 0.4 or abnormally elevated concentrations of acylcarnitine in the urine. Only the L isomer of carnitine (sometimes called vitamin BT) affects lipid metabolism. The "vitamin BT" form actually contains D,L-carnitine, which competitively inhibits levocarnitine and can cause deficiency. Levocarnitine can be used therapeutically to stimulate gastric and pancreatic secretions and in the treatment of hyperlipoproteinemias.
Levocarnitine Absorption
Absolute bioavailability is 15% (tablets or solution).
Levocarnitine side effects and Toxicity
LD50 > 8g/kg (mouse, oral). Adverse effects include hypertension, fever, tachycardia and seizures.
Levocarnitine Patient Information
Levocarnitine Organisms Affected
Humans and other mammals
