Bonuten

• Antihypertensive Agents
• Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors
• ATC:C09AA02

• Bonuten
• Enalapril Bp
• Enalapril Maleate
• Enalapril Richet
• Enalaprila [Inn-Spanish]
• Enalaprilat
• Enalaprilum [Inn-Latin]
• Gadopril
• Kinfil
• Vaseretic
• Vasotec

• Vaseretic (Enalapril Maleate + Hydrochlorothiazide)

C₂₀H₂₈N₂O₅

http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/enalap.htm

Bonuten FDA

A. Patchett et al., Nature 288, 280 (1980)

376.447 g/mol

143-144.5^oC

0.025g/mL

Solid

2.271

Tablet; IV injection

For the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. It may be used alone or in combination with thiazide diuretics.

Enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, is a prodrug which, when hydrolyzed by estarases to its active Enalaprilat, is used to treat hypertension and heart failure, to reduce proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and to prevent stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Enalapril and enalaprilat inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in human subjects and animals. ACE is a peptidyl dipeptidase that catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to the vasoconstrictor substance, angiotensin II. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex.

60%

Hypotension

Angioedema: Angioedema, including laryngeal edema, may occur at any time during treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, including enalapril. Patients should be so advised and told to report immediately any signs or symptoms suggesting angioedema (swelling of face, extremities, eyes, lips, tongue, difficulty in swallowing or breathing) and to take no more drug until they have consulted with the prescribing physician.

Hypotension: Patients should be cautioned to report lightheadedness, especially during the first few days of therapy. If actual syncope occurs, the patients should be told to discontinue the drug until they have consulted with the prescribing physician.

All patients should be cautioned that excessive perspiration and dehydration may lead to an excessive fall in blood pressure because of reduction in fluid volume. Other causes of volume depletion such as vomiting or diarrhea may also lead to a fall in blood pressure; patients should be advised to consult with the physician.

Hyperkalemia: Patients should be told not to use salt substitutes containing potassium without consulting their physician. Neutropenia: Patients should be told to report promptly any indication of infection (e.g., sore throat, fever) which may be a sign of neutropenia.

Pregnancy: Female patients of childbearing age should be told about the consequences of second- and third-trimester exposure to ACE inhibitors, and they should also be told that these consequences do not appear to have resulted from intrauterine ACEinhibitor exposure that has been limited to the first trimester. These patients should be asked to report pregnancies to their physicians as soon as possible.

NOTE: As with many other drugs, certain advice to patients being treated with enalapril is warranted. This information is intended to aid in the safe and effective use of this medication. It is not a disclosure of all possible adverse or intended effects.

Humans and other mammals