Netilmicin

• Anti-bacterial Agents
• Aminoglycosides
• ATC:J01GB07
• ATC:S01AA23

• 1-N-Ethylsisomicin
• Netromycin

No information avaliable

C₂₁H₄₁N₅O₇

No information avaliable

Netilmicin MSDS

Nessuna informazione disponibile

475.58 g/mol

No information avaliable

100 mg / mL

Solid

-3.981

Soluzione; iniezione

Per il trattamento di batteriemia, setticemia, infezioni del tratto respiratorio, della pelle e dei tessuti molli infezioni, ustioni, ferite, e peri-operatoria delle infezioni causate da ceppi sensibili.

Netilmicina è un semisintetico, antibiotico idrosolubili del gruppo aminoglicoside, prodotto dalla fermentazione di Micromonospora inyoensis, una specie di actinomycete. Aminoglicosidi sono utili soprattutto nelle infezioni che coinvolgono aerobica, batteri Gram-negativi, come Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, e Enterobacter. E 'attivo a basse concentrazioni contro un'ampia varietà di batteri patogeni tra cui Escherichia coli, batterio della Klebsiella-Enterobacter-Serratia gruppo, Citrobacter sp., Proteus sp. (Indolo-positivo e indolo-negativi), compresi Proteus mirabilis, P. morganii, P. rettgrei, P. vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Neisseria gonorrea. Netilmicina è anche attiva in vitro contro i ceppi di Haemophilus influenzae, Salmonella sp., Shigella sp. e contro penicillinasi e non penicillinasi- la produzione di Staphylococcus compresi ceppi meticillino-resistenti. Alcuni ceppi di Providencia sp., Acinetobacter sp. e Aeromonas sp. sono anche sensibili alla netilmicina. Molti ceppi degli organismi sopra che si trovano ad essere resistenti agli aminoglicosidi altri, come ad esempio kanamicina, gentamicina, tobramicina e sisomicin, sono suscettibili di netilmicina in vitro. Occasionalmente, i ceppi sono stati identificati quali sono resistenti alla amikacina, ma suscettibili di netilmicina. La combinazione di netilmicina e penicillina G ha un effetto sinergico battericida contro la maggior parte dei ceppi di Streptococcus faecalis (enterococco) . L'effetto combinato di netilmicina e carbenicillina o ticarcillina è sinergico per molti ceppi di Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Inoltre, molti ceppi di Serratia, che sono resistenti a diversi antibiotici, sono inibiti dalla combinazione sinergica di netilmicina con carbenicillina, azlocillina, mezlocillin, cefamandolo, cefotaxime o moxalactam. Gli aminoglicosidi sono per lo più inefficaci contro i batteri anaerobi, , Funghi e virus.

Rapidamente e completamente assorbito dopo somministrazione per via intramuscolare, i livelli sierici di picco vengono raggiunte entro 30-60 minuti. Gli aminoglicosidi sono scarsamente assorbiti dal tratto gastrointestinale.

Netilmicina ha il potenziale di causare disturbi di equilibrio e una perdita uditiva.

Description

Aminoglycosides (a-mee-noe-GLYE-koe-sides) are used to treat serious bacterial infections. They work by killing bacteria or preventing their growth.

Aminoglycosides are given by injection to treat serious bacterial infections in many different parts of the body. In addition, some aminoglycosides may be given by irrigation (applying a solution of the medicine to the skin or mucous membranes or washing out a body cavity) or by inhalation into the lungs. Streptomycin may also be given for tuberculosis (TB). These medicines may be given with 1 or more other medicines for bacterial infections, or they may be given alone. Aminoglycosides may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor. However, aminoglycosides will not work for colds, flu, or other virus infections.

Aminoglycosides given by injection are usually used for serious bacterial infections for which other medicines may not work. However, aminoglycosides may also cause some serious side effects, including damage to your hearing, sense of balance, and kidneys. These side effects may be more likely to occur in elderly patients and newborn infants. You and your doctor should talk about the good these medicines may do as well as the risks of receiving them.

Aminoglycosides are to be administered only by or under the immediate supervision of your doctor.

Before Receiving This Medicine

In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For aminoglycosides, the following should be considered: Allergies- Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to any of the aminoglycosides. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, sulfites, or other preservatives.

Pregnancy- Studies on most of the aminoglycosides have not been done in pregnant women. Some reports have shown that aminoglycosides, especially streptomycin and tobramycin, may cause damage to the infant's hearing, sense of balance, and kidneys if the mother was receiving the medicine during pregnancy. However, this medicine may be needed in serious diseases or other situations that threaten the mother's life. Be sure you have discussed this with your doctor.

Breast-feeding- Aminoglycosides pass into breast milk in small amounts. However, they are not absorbed very much when taken by mouth. To date, aminoglycosides have not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies. Children- Children are especially sensitive to the effects of aminoglycosides. Damage to hearing, sense of balance, and kidneys is more likely to occur in premature infants and neonates.

Older adults- Elderly people are especially sensitive to the effects of aminoglycosides. Serious side effects, such as damage to hearing, sense of balance, and kidneys may occur in elderly patients.

Other medicines- Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are receiving aminoglycosides it is especially important that your health care professional knows if you are taking any of the following:

• Aminoglycosides, used on the skin or mucous membranes and by injection at the same time; or more than one aminoglycoside at a time or
• Anti-infectives by mouth or by injection (medicine for infection) or
• Capreomycin (e.g., Capastat) or
• Carmustine (e.g., BiCNU) or
• Chloroquine (e.g., Aralen) or
• Cisplatin (e.g., Platinol) or
• Combination pain medicine containing acetaminophen and aspirin (e.g., Excedrin) or other salicylates (with large amounts taken regularly) or
• Cyclosporine (e.g., Sandimmune) or
• Deferoxamine (e.g., Desferal) (with long-term use) or
• Gold salts (medicine for arthritis) or
• Hydroxychloroquine (e.g., Plaquenil) or
• Inflammation or pain medicine, except narcotics, or
• Lithium (e.g., Lithane) or
• Methotrexate (e.g., Mexate) or
• Penicillamine (e.g., Cuprimine) or
• Plicamycin (e.g., Mithracin) or
• Quinine (e.g., Quinamm) or
• Streptozocin (e.g., Zanosar) or
• Tiopronin (e.g., Thiola)-Use of any of these medicines with aminoglycosides may increase the chance of hearing, balance, or kidney side effects. Other medical problems- The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of the aminoglycosides. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:
• Kidney disease-Patients with kidney disease may have increased aminoglycoside blood levels and increased chance of side effects
• Loss of hearing and/or balance (eighth-cranial-nerve disease)-High aminoglycoside blood levels may cause hearing loss or balance disturbances
• Myasthenia gravis or
• Parkinson's disease-Aminoglycosides may cause muscular problems, resulting in further muscle weakness

Proper Use of This Medicine

To help clear up your infection completely, aminoglycosides must be given for the full time of treatment , even if you begin to feel better after a few days. Also, this medicine works best when there is a certain amount in the blood or urine. To help keep the correct level, aminoglycosides must be given on a regular schedule.

Dosing- The dose of aminoglycosides will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label . The following information includes only the average doses of aminoglycosides. Your dose may be different if you have kidney disease. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

The dose of most aminoglycosides is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. The medicine is injected into a muscle or vein. Depending on the aminoglycoside prescribed, doses are given at different times and for different lengths of time (ask your doctor for a written dose schedule).

Side Effects of This Medicine

Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

Check with your health care professional immediately if any of the following side effects occur:

• More common - Any loss of hearing; clumsiness or unsteadiness; dizziness; greatly increased or decreased frequency of urination or amount of urine; increased thirst; loss of appetite; nausea or vomiting; numbness, tingling, or burning of face or mouth (streptomycin only); muscle twitching, or convulsions (seizures); ringing or buzzing or a feeling of fullness in the ears
• Less common - Any loss of vision (streptomycin only); skin rash, itching, redness, or swelling
• Rare-Once-daily or 'high dose' gentamicin only -
  • Shaking; chills; fever
  • Difficulty in breathing; drowsiness; weakness
  • In addition, leg cramps, skin rash, fever, and convulsions (seizures) may occur when gentamicin is given by injection into the muscle or a vein, and into the spinal fluid.

For up to several weeks after you stop receiving this medicine, it may still cause some side effects that need medical attention. Check with your doctor if you notice any of the following side effects or if they get worse:

Any loss of hearing; clumsiness or unsteadiness; dizziness; greatly increased or decreased frequency of urination or amount of urine; increased thirst; loss of appetite; nausea or vomiting; ringing or buzzing or a feeling of fullness in the ears.

Other side effects not listed above may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your doctor.

Batteri enterici e altri eubatteri