USAF CB-19
Brand names,
USAF CB-19
Analogs
USAF CB-19
Brand Names Mixture
USAF CB-19
Chemical_Formula
C23H46N6O13
USAF CB-19
RX_link
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/neomy.htm
USAF CB-19
fda sheet
USAF CB-19
msds (material safety sheet)
USAF CB-19
Synthesis Reference
No information avaliable
USAF CB-19
Molecular Weight
614.644 g/mol
USAF CB-19
Melting Point
6 mg/mL (as sulfate form)
USAF CB-19
H2O Solubility
No information avaliable
USAF CB-19
State
Solid
USAF CB-19
LogP
-9.895
USAF CB-19
Dosage Forms
Powder
USAF CB-19
Indication
For the adjunctive treatment of acute hepatic failure, alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver, and suppression of intestinal bacteria.
USAF CB-19
Pharmacology
Neomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. Aminoglycosides work by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of t-RNA, leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth. Aminoglycosides are useful primarily in infections involving aerobic, Gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Enterobacter. In addition, some mycobacteria, including the bacteria that cause tuberculosis, are susceptible to aminoglycosides. Infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria can also be treated with aminoglycosides, but other types of antibiotics are more potent and less damaging to the host. In the past the aminoglycosides have been used in conjunction with penicillin-related antibiotics in streptococcal infections for their synergistic effects, particularly in endocarditis. Aminoglycosides are mostly ineffective against anaerobic bacteria, fungi and viruses.
USAF CB-19
Absorption
Poorly absorbed from the normal gastrointestinal tract. Although only approximately 3% of neomycin is absorbed through intact intestinal mucosa, significant amounts may be absorbed through ulcerated or denuded mucosa or if inflammation is present.
USAF CB-19
side effects and Toxicity
LD50 = 200 mg/kg (rat). Because of low absorption, it is unlikely that acute overdosage would occur with oral neomycin. However, prolonged administration could result in sufficient systemic drug levels to produce neurotoxicity, ototoxicity and/or nephrotoxicity.
USAF CB-19
Patient Information
Before administering the drug, patients or members of their families should be informed of possible toxic effects
on the eighth nerve. The possibility of acute toxicity increases in premature infants and neonates.
USAF CB-19
Organisms Affected
Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria