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Brand names,
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Analogs
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Brand Names Mixture
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Chemical_Formula
C10H24N2O2
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RX_link
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/ethambutol.htm
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fda sheet
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msds (material safety sheet)
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Synthesis Reference
No information avaliable
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Molecular Weight
204.31 g/mol
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Melting Point
88 oC
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H2O Solubility
No information avaliable
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State
Solid
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LogP
-0.14
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Dosage Forms
Tablet (100, 400 mg)
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Indication
For use, as an adjunct, in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.
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Pharmacology
Ethambutol is an oral chemotherapeutic agent which is specifically effective against actively growing microorganisms of the genus Mycobacterium, including M. tuberculosis. Ethambutol inhibits RNA synthesis and decreases tubercle bacilli replication. Nearly all strains of M. tuberculosis and M. kansasii as well as a number of strains of MAC are sensitive to ethambutol.
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Absorption
About 75% to 80% of an orally administered dose of ethambutol is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
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side effects and Toxicity
The most commonly recognized toxic effect of ethambutol is optic neuropathy, which generally is considered uncommon and reversible in medical literature. Other side effects that have been observed are pruritus, joint pain, gastrointestinal upset, abdominal pain, malaise, headache, dizziness, mental confusion, disorientation, and possible hallucinations.
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Patient Information
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Organisms Affected
Humans and other mammals