Butorphanol
Butorphanol Brand names, Butorphanol Analogs
Butorphanol Brand Names Mixture
- No information avaliable
Butorphanol Chemical_Formula
C21H29NO2
Butorphanol RX_link
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/butor.htm
Butorphanol fda sheet
Butorphanol msds (material safety sheet)
Butorphanol Synthesis Reference
No information avaliable
Butorphanol Molecular Weight
327.461 g/mol
Butorphanol Melting Point
No information avaliable
Butorphanol H2O Solubility
Moderate
Butorphanol State
Solid
Butorphanol LogP
4.176
Butorphanol Dosage Forms
Drops; Drug premix; Gel; Globules; Liquid; Powder for solution; Solution; Spray; Tablet
Butorphanol Indication
For the management of pain when the use of an opioid analgesic is appropriate. Also indicated as a preoperative or preanesthetic medication, as a supplement to balanced anesthesia, and for the relief of pain during labor.
Butorphanol Pharmacology
Butorphanol is a synthetic opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic with a pharmacological and therapeutic profile that has been well established since its launch as a parenteral formulation in 1978. The introduction of a transnasal formulation of butorphanol represents a new and noninvasive presentation of an analgesic for moderate to severe pain. This route of administration bypasses the gastrointestinal tract, and this is an advantage for a drug such as butorphanol that undergoes significant first-pass metabolism after oral administration. The onset of action and systemic bioavailability of butorphanol following transnasal delivery are similar to those after parenteral administration. Butorphanol blocks pain impulses at specific sites in the brain and spinal cord.
Butorphanol Absorption
Rapidly absorbed after intramuscular injection and peak plasma levels are reached in 20-40 minutes. The absolute bioavailability is 60-70% and is unchanged in patients with allergic rhinitis. In patients using a nasal vasoconstrictor (oxymetazoline) the fraction of the dose absorbed was unchanged, but the rate of absorption was slowed. Oral bioavailability is only 5-17% because of extensive first-pass metabolism.
Butorphanol side effects and Toxicity
The clinical manifestations of butorphanol overdose are those of opioid drugs in general. The most serious symptoms are hypoventilation, cardiovascular insufficiency, coma, and death.
Butorphanol Patient Information
Butorphanol Organisms Affected
Humans and other mammals
