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Ganciclovir Les marques, Ganciclovir Analogs

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  • Ganciclovir Formule chimique

    C9H13N5O4

    Ganciclovir RX lien

    http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/vitrasert.htm

    Ganciclovir FDA fiche

    Ganciclovir FDA

    Ganciclovir msds (fiche de securite des materiaux)

    Ganciclovir MSDS

    Ganciclovir Synthese de reference

    Alhede, Boerge; et al;. J.Org.Chem;. 56; 6; 2139-2143 (1991)

    Ganciclovir Poids moleculaire

    255.231 g/mol

    Ganciclovir Point de fusion

    250 oC

    Ganciclovir H2O Solubilite

    4,3 mg / ml

    Ganciclovir Etat

    Solid

    Ganciclovir LogP

    -1.438

    Ganciclovir Formes pharmaceutiques

    Insérez occulaire; capsule orale; Injection

    Ganciclovir Indication

    Pour l'induction et la maintenance dans le traitement des infections à cytomégalovirus (CMV) chez les patients immunodéprimés, notamment les patients atteints du syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise (sida). Également utilisé dans le traitement du cytomégalovirus (CMV) maladie grave, dont la pneumonie à CMV, le CMV maladies gastro-intestinales, les infections à CMV et diffusées, chez les patients immunodéprimés.

    Ganciclovir Pharmacologie

    Le ganciclovir est un analogue nucléosidique synthétique de la 2'-désoxyguanosine qui inhibe la réplication du virus de l'herpès à la fois in vitro et in vivo. Les virus humains sensibles comprennent le cytomégalovirus (CMV), l'herpès -1 et -2 simplex virus (HSV-1, HSV-2), virus Epstein-Barr (EBV) et le virus varicelle zona (VZV), cependant les études cliniques ont été limitées à l'évaluation de l'efficacité chez les patients avec une infection à CMV. Le ganciclovir est une prodrogue qui est structurellement similaire à l'acyclovir. Il inhibe la réplication du virus par son encorporation dans l'ADN viral. Cette encorporation inhibe dATP et conduit à l'ADN défectueux, cessant ou en retardant la machinerie virale nécessaire pour propager le virus à d'autres cellules.

    Ganciclovir Absorption

    Faiblement absorbé par voie systémique après administration orale. Biodisponibilité à jeun est d'environ 5%, et quand il est administré avec de la nourriture, de 6 à 9% (environ 30% avec un repas gras).

    Ganciclovir Toxicite

    Oral, DL50 souris:> 2g/kg. Intraveineuse, chien DL50: 150mg/kg>. Les symptômes de surdose comprennent une pancytopénie irréversible, une aggravation des symptômes gastro-intestinaux, et une insuffisance rénale aiguë. Soupçonné agent anticancéreux.

    Ganciclovir Information pour les patients

    All patients should be informed that the major toxicities of ganciclovir are granulocytopenia
    (neutropenia), anemia and thrombocytopenia and that dose modifications may be required, including
    discontinuation. The importance of close monitoring of blood counts while on therapy should be emphasized.
    Patients should be informed that ganciclovir has been associated with elevations in serum creatinine.

    Patients should be instructed to take CYTOVENE capsules with food to maximize bioavailability.

    Patients should be advised that ganciclovir has caused decreased sperm production in animals and may cause
    infertility in humans. Women of childbearing potential should be advised that ganciclovir causes birth
    defects in animals and should not be used during pregnancy. Women of childbearing potential should be
    advised to use effective contraception during treatment with CYTOVENE-IV or CYTOVENE. Similarly, men
    should be advised to practice barrier contraception during and for at least 90 days following treatment
    with CYTOVENE-IV or CYTOVENE.

    Patients should be advised that ganciclovir causes tumors in animals. Although there is no information
    from human studies, ganciclovir should be considered a potential carcinogen.

    All HIV+ Patients: These patients may be receiving zidovudine (Retrovir?*). Patients should be counseled
    that treatment with both ganciclovir and zidovudine simultaneously may not be tolerated by some patients
    and may result in severe granulocytopenia (neutropenia). Patients with AIDS may be receiving didanosine
    (Videx?#). Patients should be counseled that concomitant treatment with both ganciclovir and didanosine
    can cause didanosine serum concentrations to be significantly increased.

    HIV+ Patients With CMV Retinitis: Ganciclovir is not a cure for CMV retinitis, and immunocompromised
    patients may continue to experience progression of retinitis during or following treatment. Patients
    should be advised to have ophthalmologic follow-up examinations at a minimum of every 4 to 6 weeks while
    being treated with CYTOVENE-IV or CYTOVENE. Some patients will require more frequent follow-up.

    Transplant Recipients: Transplant recipients should be counseled regarding the high frequency of impaired
    renal function in transplant recipients who received CYTOVENE-IV solution in controlled clinical trials,
    particularly in patients receiving concomitant administration of nephrotoxic agents such as cyclosporine
    and amphotericin B. Although the specific mechanism of this toxicity, which in most cases was reversible,
    has not been determined, the higher rate of renal impairment in patients receiving CYTOVENE-IV solution
    compared with those who received placebo in the same trials may indicate that CYTOVENE-IV played a
    significant role.

    Ganciclovir Organismes affectes

    Le virus herpétique humain