• Radiation-Sensitizing Agents
• Immunosuppressive Agents
• Antivirals
• Antimetabolites
• Antineoplastic Agents
• ATC:L01BC05

• DDFC
• DFDC
• GEO
• Gemcin
• Gemcitabina [Inn-Spanish]
• Gemcitabine HCl
• Gemcitabine hydrochloride
• Gemcitabinum [Inn-Latin]
• Gemtro
• Gemzar

C₉H₁₁F₂N₃O₄

http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/gemcitab.htm

No information avaliable

263.198 g/mol

168.64^oC

Soluble

Solid

-1.318

Lyophilized powder for injection

For the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer, locally advanced (Stage IIIA or IIIB), or metastatic (Stage IV) non-small cell lung cancer and as first-line treatment for patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.

Gemcitabine is an antineoplastic anti-metabolite. Anti-metabolites masquerade as purine or pyrimidine - which become the building blocks of DNA. They prevent these substances becoming incorporated in to DNA during the "S" phase (or DNA synthesis phase of the cell cycle), stopping normal development and division. Gemcitabine blocks an enzyme which converts the cytosine nucleotide into the deoxy derivative. In addition, DNA synthesis is further inhibited because Gemcitabine blocks the incorporation of the thymidine nucleotide into the DNA strand.

100%

Myelosuppression, paresthesias, and severe rash were the principal toxicities, LD₅₀=500 mg/kg (orally in mice and rats)

General ¡ª Patients receiving therapy with Gemzar should be monitored closely by a physician
experienced in the use of cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Most adverse events are reversible and
do not need to result in discontinuation, although doses may need to be withheld or reduced.
There was a greater tendency in women, especially older women, not to proceed to the next
cycle.

Laboratory Tests ¡ª Patients receiving Gemzar should be monitored prior to each dose with a
complete blood count (CBC), including differential and platelet count. Suspension or
modification of therapy should be considered when marrow suppression is detected.

Humans and other mammals