Chloronitrin
Category
Chloronitrin Brand names, Chloronitrin Analogs
Chloronitrin Brand Names Mixture
Chloronitrin Chemical_Formula
C11H12Cl2N2O5
Chloronitrin RX_link
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/chloramphenicol.htm
Chloronitrin fda sheet
Chloronitrin msds (material safety sheet)
Chloronitrin Synthesis Reference
No information avaliable
Chloronitrin Molecular Weight
323.129 g/mol
Chloronitrin Melting Point
150.5 oC
Chloronitrin H2O Solubility
2500 mg/L (at 25 °C)
Chloronitrin State
Solid
Chloronitrin LogP
1.476
Chloronitrin Dosage Forms
Capsule; Drops; Liquid; Ointment; Powder; Solution; Suspension; Tablet
Chloronitrin Indication
Used in treatment of cholera, as it destroys the vibrios and decreases the diarrhea. It is effective against tetracycline-resistant vibrios. It is also used in eye drops or ointment to treat bacterial conjunctivitis.
Chloronitrin Pharmacology
Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that was derived from the bacterium Streptomyces venezuelae and is now produced synthetically. Chloramphenicol is effective against a wide variety of microorganisms, but due to serious side-effects (e.g., damage to the bone marrow, including aplastic anemia) in humans, it is usually reserved for the treatment of serious and life-threatening infections (e.g., typhoid fever). Chloramphenicol is bacteriostatic but may be bactericidal in high concentrations or when used against highly susceptible organisms. Chloramphenicol stops bacterial growth by binding to the bacterial ribosome (blocking peptidyl transferase) and inhibiting protein synthesis.
Chloronitrin Absorption
Rapidly and completely absorbed from gastrointestinal tract following oral administration (bioavailability 80%). Well absorbed following intramuscular administration (bioavailability 70%). Intraocular and some systemic absorption also occurs after topical application to the eye.
Chloronitrin side effects and Toxicity
Oral, mouse: LD50 = 1500 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 2500 mg/kg. Toxic reactions including fatalities have occurred in the premature and newborn; the signs and symptoms associated with these reactions have been referred to as the gray syndrome. Symptoms include (in order of appearance) abdominal distension with or without emesis, progressive pallid cyanosis, vasomotor collapse frequently accompanied by irregular respiration, and death within a few hours of onset of these symptoms.
Chloronitrin Patient Information
No information avaliable
Chloronitrin Organisms Affected
Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria
