Capitrol

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C₅₈H₁₀₅N₁₆Na₅O₂₈S₅

http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/colistimethate.htm

Capitrol MSDS

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1749.82 g/mol

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Appreciable

Solid

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Vials containing colistimethate sodium or pentasodium colistinmethanesulfonate (150 mg colistin base activity) for injection.

For the treatment of acute or chronic infections due to sensitive strains of certain gram-negative bacilli, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Colistimethate is a polymyxin antibiotic agent. Originally, colistimethate sodium was thought to be less toxic than polymyxin B; however, if the drugs are administered at comparable doses, their toxicities may be similar. Polymyxins are cationic polypeptides that disrupt the bacterial cell membrane through a detergentlike mechanism. With the development of less toxic agents, such as extended-spectrum penicillins and cephalosporins, parenteral polymyxin use was largely abandoned, except for the treatment of multidrug-resistant pulmonary infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. More recently, however, the emergence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, and the lack of new antimicrobial agents have led to the revived use of the polymyxins.

Very poor absorption from gastrointestinal tract.

Oral LD₅₀ in rats is 5450 mg/kg. Overdosage with colistimethate can cause neuromuscular blockade characterized by paresthesia, lethargy, confusion, dizziness, ataxia, nystagmus, disorders of speech and apnea. Respiratory muscle paralysis may lead to apnea, respiratory arrest and death.

Gram-negative bacilli